Otosklerozda eshitishni tiklashda stapedoplastikaning zamonaviy usul sifatida ahamiyatini o‘rganish
Keywords:
eshitish pasayishi, uzangi fiksatsiyasi, piston protezi, audiometriya, havo-suyak tafovuti, o‘rta quloq mexanikasi.Abstract
Otoskleroz bu o‘rta quloq suyakchalarining, ayniqsa stapes (uzangi) sohasida patologik suyak to‘qimasining o‘sishi bilan kechadigan kasallik bo‘lib, natijada tovush tebranishlarining ichki quloqqa uzatilishi buziladi va asta-sekin eshitish pasayishi rivojlanadi[1,4]. Ushbu kasallik ko‘proq yosh va o‘rta yoshdagi insonlarda uchrab, ijtimoiy faollik, kommunikatsiya va hayot sifatiga sezilarli salbiy ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Ayniqsa, kasallikning progressiv xarakteri bemorlarni erta tashxis va samarali davolash usullarini izlashga majbur etadi[1,3].
So‘nggi yillarda otosklerozni davolashda jarrohlik usullarining ahamiyati keskin oshdi. Xususan, Stapedoplastika zamonaviy otologiyada eng samarali va keng qo‘llanilayotgan usullardan biri sifatida e’tirof etilmoqda[1,6]. Ushbu operatsiya orqali harakatsizlangan stapes suyakchasi qisman yoki to‘liq almashtirilib, tovush o‘tkazuvchanligi tiklanadi. Natijada bemorlarda eshitish qobiliyatining sezilarli darajada yaxshilanishi kuzatiladi[2,5].
Bugungi kunda stapedoplastikaning dolzarbligi nafaqat uning yuqori klinik samaradorligi, balki minimal invazivligi, asoratlar xavfining nisbatan pastligi va bemorlarning tez reabilitatsiya qilinishi bilan ham belgilanadi[3,7]. Shu bilan birga, texnologik taraqqiyot, mikroskopik va lazer texnikalarning rivojlanishi operatsiya aniqligi va xavfsizligini yanada oshirmoqda. Bu esa mazkur usulni otoskleroz bilan bog‘liq eshitish yo‘qotilishini tiklashda “oltin standart” darajasiga olib chiqmoqda[2,6].
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