COMPARATIVE LEXICAL AND COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF AMERICAN DIALECTS

Abstract

This thesis provides an in-depth comparative lexical and componential analysis of major American English dialects, focusing on Northern (Inland North and New England), Southern, Midland (including Appalachian influences), Western, and African American Vernacular English (AAVE). Drawing on established dialectological frameworks such as those in the Atlas of North American English (Labov et al.), Joshua Katz's dialect maps, and Rick Aschmann's comprehensive dialect surveys, the study examines lexical variation (vocabulary differences reflecting regional culture, history, and borrowings), phonological components (vowel shifts, mergers, and rhotacism patterns), syntactic/morphosyntactic features (e.g., double modals, habitual aspect), and their interconnections. The analysis highlights how geographic settlement patterns, migration, substrate influences (Native American, African, Spanish, etc.), and modern sociolinguistic changes shape these dialects. Results demonstrate persistent regional boundaries despite increasing homogenization through media and mobility, underscoring dialects as dynamic markers of identity and cultural heritage.